A Comprehensive Overview Of The Affordable Care Act

Drafted by congress under the recommendation of president Barack Obama, signed into law on March 23, 2010 by President after long legislative debates, the Affordable Care Act s main purpose is to provide access to affordable and comprehensive health coverage to millions uninsured Americans who do not have coverage or adequate coverage, those who would be denied coverage under the previous insurance practice either base on pre-existing condition, gender or age, while controlling the cost of health care. (New York Time, October 26, 2014) The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the Affordable Care Act, examine the nine titles of the law, their effectiveness as well as their impact on the nursing practice today While the bill was signed to law in March 2010, it would several years for all the reform in the law to be implemented, To have a better understanding of Affordable Care Act, one must address the nine main components of the law, referred to as the XI titles of the Affordable Care Act (Senate.gov 2014) they are as follow: Title 1 addresses the need of quality, affordable health care for all Americans, this title addresses customer protection and processing time period of implementation of the affordable Care which would happen over a period of approximately six years. Coverage used to be denied based on several factors, including patient past medical history, ages, for example, children coverage used to be ended at the age of 21 for manyShow MoreRelatedHealthcare And Health Care Industry824 Words   |  4 Pagespast few decades health care industry in United States is facing three major problems related to quality, costs and access. The health care expenditure in United States has increasing drastically over the years and United states still ranks top in health care spending when compared to other top nations in the world. Despite of having high health care expenditure, Americans have limited access to health care, spends higher costs for the procedures and getting poor health care outcomes. In a re centRead MorePatient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Ppaca)1014 Words   |  5 PagesI. Overview The purpose of this paper is to present a brief overview and timeline of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) that was signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010 and to discuss its potential impact on healthcare access, costs and quality, and insurance companies. . II. Healthcare Reform Timeline The PPACA includes comprehensive reforms that will take place over the next four years. It is intended to hold insurance companies more accountable, protectRead MoreNavigating DOL Health Benefits Website1147 Words   |  5 Pagessucceeding paragraphs will describe the major features of the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) website at http://www.dol.gov/dol/topic/health-plans/cobra.htm. The first feature of this website is a short explanation of the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Act (COBRA). This explanation includes defining who is eligible and provides a general idea of the cost for continuing health benefits coverage. In addition, the explanation provides a brief explanation of the employer responsibilities under COBRA. TheRead MoreHealth Care Of The United States1594 Words   |  7 Pagesfew decades, health care industry in the United States is facing three major problems related to quality, costs, and access. The healthcare expenditure in the United States has increased drastically over the years and the United States still rank top in health care spending when compared to other top nations in the world. Despite having high healthcare expenditure, Americans have limited access to health care, spends higher costs for the procedures and getting poor health care outcomes. In a recentRead MoreGovernment Funded Healthcare Pl A National Public Health Insurance Program919 Words   |  4 Pageslargest health insurer in the country and is financed by federal income taxes. Medicare plan consists of 4 parts. Part A – hospital insurance – is compulsory and provides health insurance coverage for inpatient hospital care, skilled nursing, home health services and hospice care. It is free if you have worked and paid social security taxes for at least 10years but you will pay a monthly premium if you have worked and paid taxes for less. Part B – medical insurance – is voluntary and provides benefitsRead MoreObamacare : The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act1376 Words   |  6 Pageswas passed in Congress. It is officially titled the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The Act was signed into law on March 23, 2010(About). So what does the Affordable Care Act, which I will also refer to as the ACA, really do? There are several main components of the Affordable Care Act, as can be seen in this diagram. The biggest and arguably most controversial piece of the ACA is the brand new health care marketplace. The ACA requires everyone to have healthcare, and it creates aRead MoreThe Patient Protection Affordable Care Act1412 Words   |  6 PagesHealth care cost has been constantly rising and a problem in this country for years. Millions go without much needed medical care every year due to the lack of health care. For many the emergency room is their first contact with medical care. The Patient Protection Affordable Care Act (PPACA) intends to significantly decrease the number of uninsured in American. The PPACA, is said to be most comprehensive insurance reform since 1965, (the year in which Medicare and Medicaid were implemented) wasRead MoreComparing Hong Kong and United States Heath Care Systems1192 Words   |  5 PagesNovember 01, 2013 lt;Instructorgt; Comparing Hong Kong and United States Heath Care Systems The United States is currently in the process of a health care reform which will change the current private sector health care program into a universal healthcare system. A great example of a universal healthcare program is Hong Kong. There are other countries that have changed from a private to a public health care system, but Hong Kong has shown that they have done it best. When comparing Hong Kong’sRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act ( Aca ) Or Obamacare?1655 Words   |  7 Pages The Pros and Cons of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or Obamacare? Who Benefits and Who gets Hurt? Chanokporn Srisuwan, Student MBAA 605 Business, Government, and Society Mercy College School of Business- MBA Program August 04, 2016 Abstract The propose of this article is to present the advantages and disadvantages of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or Obamacare which make all Americans insurable, by requiring insurers to accept all applicants at rates based onRead MoreThe Issue Of The Affordable Care Act Essay1320 Words   |  6 PagesThe Issue of the Affordable Care Act The affordable care act (ACA) or the Obama health care reform has been a topic of great concern in today’s health care. In March 23rd 2010 President Obama signed the health care legistration (Obama Care) into law. The passage of the law affected different many issues in the lives of Americans. Socially, it was a great law due to the facts that individuals that cannot afford health care would have access to health care regardless of preexisting conditions and

Social Effects of the Vietnam War - 2247 Words

The Vietnam 1 Running head: SOCIAL EFFECTS OF THE VIETNAM WAR The Vietnam Wars Effects on American Society Halley E. Moore Metro High School- St. Louis The Vietnam 2 Abstract The Vietnam War had a profound effect on American society. It changed the way we viewed our government, the media, and our Constitutional rights. Because of this shift in perspective, the country was torn apart and yet still came together in new and different ways. The Vietnam Wars contraversiality spurred a great many sources of protest, against our governments use of power, how far we could stretch the rights of free expression, and primarily against the violence of the war itself. These changes in the behavior of society have†¦show more content†¦Although several hundred colleges experienced teach-ins, most campuses were untouched by this circumstance. Nevertheless, the teach-ins had the desired impact when they contributed to President Johnsons decision to address at Johns Hopkins University on April 7, 1965 concerning the Vietnam issue (Gaullucci, 47). The address tried to respond to the teach-ins campus protest activity. This speech was one of the first major examples of the antiwar movement getting to the government. By the mid- 1960s, even President Johnsons advisors were realizing that the tide of public opinion had begun to turn against Johnson on the Vietnam issue (Katsiaficas, 8). The Vietnam 6 The use and impact of teach-ins faded when the college students went home during the summer of 1965, but other types of protest that grew through 1971 soon replaced it (Gettleman, 56). The first major antiwar march on Washington D.C. took place in April of 1965. It was organized by the Students for a Democratic Society, and attracted over twenty-five thousand people (McCormick, 37). College students made up a majority of the protestors in almost any gathering. However the antiwar movementShow MoreRelatedThe Vietnam War: The Mental, Social, and Physical Effects on the Soldiers1402 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1961 the worst war ever fought by America had just started. The Vietnamese of the north also known as the Viet Cong had invaded the south to take control of the entire country. America and other democratic countries felt the spread of communism to this country would be a stepping-stone for other communistic countries around the world, also known as the Domino Effect. America, as cocky as they were, invaded Vietnam to help the southern Vietnamese. Although America is one of the most powerful countriesRead MoreThe Vietnam War On American Society932 Words   |  4 Pagessuccess and power that Vietnam held. America was calm at first as they held the belief that Vietnam would serve as a barrier to communism. Unfortunately, when communism kept spreading, America pan icked. American troops were sent into Vietnam and the citizens of America were lied to about the reason for the presence of the troops in Vietnam. The years 1964 to 1975 were characterized by the negative effects of the Vietnam war on American society and how they heightened social, political and economicRead MoreSocial Commentary On Hollywood War Films1282 Words   |  6 PagesHorine HIST2033-001 10 November 2015 Social Commentary in Hollywood War Films Hollywood film is a powerful twentieth century art form that has provided entertainment and social commentary since its creation. Film can be used to portray history on the silver screen. Directors can use their films to portray social commentary about current issues. A popular social issue throughout history is war. Directors can use their war films to promote pro-war or anti-war movements. Films have the ability to influenceRead MoreConsequences of the Vietnam War Essay1157 Words   |  5 Pagesof the Vietnam War The ear in Vietnam had ended and on the 30th April 1975, the NLF took control of Saigon and renamed it Ho Chi Minh City. President Thieu resigned and fled the country. Vietnam became a united country and elections were held in 1976 (20 years late). The Domino theory continued into Laos and Cambodia but not Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia and the Philippines. Apart from this short term effect, there many short and long term effects on Vietnam once theRead MoreLosing Vietnam On The Home Front1672 Words   |  7 Pages Losing Vietnam on the Home-front Forty six years have passed since the United States officially stopped their involvement in Vietnam. Not since the Civil war had the country been so torn. Every American family was impacted, losing husbands, sons, and daughters. Over fifty thousand Americans were killed and many more still suffer deep physical and emotional scars . Veterans took their own lives, were treated as social outcasts, or ended up on the streets with the homeless. The Vietnam conflictRead MoreThe Vietnam War Was A Conflict951 Words   |  4 Pages The Vietnam War was a conflict between the communist army of North Vietnam and the Viet Cong against South Vietnam began in 1954. The United States began their involvement in the Vietnam War by supporting the democratic South Vietnam with weapons and soldiers. Many Americans were divided due to opposition of the US involvement with the war. It was the era of social movements like mexican american social activism, and anti-Vietnam War activism. I have interviewed a Vietnam veteran named ErnieRead MoreHow Public Opinion Changed the Course of the Vietnam War950 Words   |  4 PagesThe Vietnam War certainly left a distaste in the lives of many who have been affected by the war; scholars have become increasingly interested in the interaction between war and public opinion. There have been many scholarly works published on the Vietnam War, but the issue that will be analyzed here is how public opinion changed the course of the war. The first article by Scott Gartner and Gary Segura i s titled, â€Å"Race, Casualties, and Opinion in the Vietnam War,† it examined how the diverse racesRead MorePsychological And Emotional Effects Of War On Soldiers1500 Words   |  6 PagesEmotional Effects of War on Soldiers We have all seen or read about the political and social upheavals caused by war. Some may have even experienced it first-hand. Throughout history war has had negative psychological implications on those effected. However, there is no greater negative impact of war than the psychological and emotional turmoil that it causes individual soldiers. To narrow down the scope of these psychological effects, I have chosen to focus on the Vietnam War. The Vietnam War wasRead MoreThe War Of The Vietnam War1532 Words   |  7 PagesThe Vietnam War came at a time of great social and political unrest in America. It was right in the middle of the Cold War, a fierce worldwide battle between Eastern communism and Western democracy. There was already division going on in America at the time, with events like the red scare in Washington creating a growing fear of worldwide communism. The U.S. involvement in Vietnam began with Harry Truman aiding the French in an imperial war from 1946-1954, which the French eventually lost to theRead MoreVietnam War Impact on New Zealand870 Words   |  4 PagesThe Vietnam War had several social effects in New Zealand. The New Zealand publics’ opinion was polarized due to New Zealand’s involvement in the war, and public debate was generated over New Zealand’s foreign policy in particu lar how it relied on an alliance-based security. An anti-war movement developed in New Zealand, who disagreed with the strategy of forward defense. They also questioned the validity of the domino theory, and thought communism in south-East Asia did not in any way threaten New

The Soviets Fault For Causing The Cold War Essay

There are several who have a different approach of whether it’s the U.S or the Soviets’ fault for causing the Cold War. In reality, they have always had clashing ideologies and different structures of government that have played a major role in leading them to embark upon such a distrustful relationship. Furthermore, the Soviets distrusted the U.S way before WWII when they intervened in the Russian Civil War and didn’t recognize the Soviet Union until 1933. As a result, during and after WWII, the Soviets were determined to dominate European countries with their own political agenda to become the hegemonic power and believed the U.S. had the same motive. However, the U.S was more eager on protecting these Eastern countries from communist influence and sustaining stability throughout these regions. Despite the U.S’s effort to come to a mutual agreement with the Soviets after the war at the Yalta Conference, tension has gradually progressed throughout the yea rs that led to an even further separation between the two leading powers (Doc H). In addition to, the Soviets disregarded the compromises made at the Yalta Conference to have free and fair elections in Europe, instead creating a buffer in Eastern Europe, settling Soviet satellites. By committing such actions, the U.S automatically became suspicious and concluded that the Soviets were ultimately compelled to spread communism. The U.S further distrusted the Soviets when they secretly signed the Nonaggression Pact withShow MoreRelatedWas President Truman Responsible for the Cold War? Essay1105 Words   |  5 Pagesinto office right at the end of World War II, after the death of President Franklin Roosevelt. Almost immediately after becoming president, Truman learned of the Manhattan Project, and had to decide whether or not to use the atomic bomb. With the advice of James Byrnes, Secretary of State, Truman decided to drop two atomic bombs on Japan, in part to demonstrate Americaâ€⠄¢s power to the world and gain a political advantage in Europe (Offner 294). After World War II ended, there were negotiations aboutRead More Causes of the Cold War Essay857 Words   |  4 Pagesapproach of whether it’s the U.S or the Soviets’ fault for causing the Cold War. In reality, they have always had clashing ideologies and different structures of government that have played a major role in leading them to embark upon such a distrustful relationship. Furthermore, the Soviets distrusted the U.S way before WWII when they intervened in the Russian Civil War and didn’t recognize the Soviet Union until 1933. As a result, during and after WWII, the Soviets were determined to dominate EuropeanRead MoreWho Was to Blame for the Cold War? Essay1625 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War? The blame for the Cold War cannot be placed on one person -- it developed as a series of chain reactions as a struggle for supremacy. It can be argued that the Cold War was inevitable, and therefore no ones fault, due to the differences in the capitalist and communist ideologies. It was only the need for self-preservation that had caused the two countries to sink their differences temporarily during the Second World War. Yet many of the tensions that existed in the Cold War canRead MoreCulture And Ideologies Shape Relationships1567 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferences between civilizations rather than ideological differences would be the primary source of global conflict in the post-cold war. This essay will focuses on the argument in Huntington’s book about how it presents the world, the problem and the proposal for a solution. In The Clash of civilizations Huntington argued that the future conflict would be different in the Post-Cold war era. In which different ideologies would not be the main reason for world problem but instead it would be because of theRead MoreDr. Strangelove s Argument For The 1964 Film Essay1358 Words   |  6 Pagesof Liberal Consensus, its attack on â€Å"crackpot realism† and critique of life in the 1960s Cold War era, and finally its paradoxical revolution that sets an example for other films to come after. The Ideology of Liberal Consensus according to Maland was explained as the United States’ structure of society as being basically sound. This would stand for a capitalistic and democratic society as opposed to the Soviet Union’s communist or state-capitalist economy and governmental structure. The second pointRead MoreThe Fall Of Patriotic Ideals1535 Words   |  7 Pagesgenerations have, causing them to have a different view of the world around them. The difference in perceptions is primarily caused by the changing nature of global politics. Throughout the twentieth century, there were constant conflicts in the world. Older generations actively participated in at least five major conflicts during the twentieth century. The oldest generation of living Americans served in both the European and Pacific theaters of World War II. During this war, American soldiersRead MoreWorld War II : The Cold War882 Words   |  4 PagesAs a result of World War II, Germany was divided between the four most triumphant allies. The United States, France, and Britain shared West Germany. On the other hand, East Germany was occupied by the communist Soviet Union. In the center of the Soviet side, these four countries split the city of Berlin as well. The French, British, and Americans contained the west zone of Berlin, while the Soviets contained the east of Berlin, in the same manner that they had split the entire country. As soonRead Mo reThe Cold War Was A Conflict2032 Words   |  9 PagesThe Cold War was a conflict in which the main parties were the United States of America (USA) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). This conflict lasted approximately forty-five years, and though there was no direct war in between the two nations, there were many repercussions of the hostilities. Some effects were negative, like the prevention of peace treaties being made between the East and the West, and the weakening of economies, but some were positive. The Space Race was directlyRead MoreBattle of Ideals: USA and the Borderlands1752 Words   |  8 Pagesus all these ideas about what going there, the truth, as it always is, is much more complex. The recent turmoil in the Ukraine has brought up a lot of issues remembered in the cold war. Russia Annexing the crimean peninsula from the Ukraine scaring western powers, specifically the United States, into the old policy of Soviet containment and using any means to put negatives towards the â€Å"eastern block† preventing the spread of its influence. Although the United States and it NATO/European Union currentRead MoreCold War Essay1784 Words   |  8 PagesForeign Relations, Volume II. Gaddis, John Lewis, Two Cold War Empires: Imposition vs. Multilateralism, in Major Problems in American Foreign Relations, Volume II The Cold War was the longest war in which the United States has ever partaken and is the only war that involved little to no fighting. After researching the events, reading historical opinions, and listening to lectures in class, I have come to the realization that the war was just an exaggerated argument between two neighbors over

Urgent Primary Surgical Care Urinary Tract Infection

Question: Discuss about the Report for Urgent Primary Surgical Care of Urinary Tract Infection. Answer: Urinary Tract Infection Urinary Tract Infection or UTI is an infection of the urinary tract and based on its location, it is known as kidney or bladder infection. The kidney infection is also known as pyelonephritis and the bladder infection is also known as cystitis. The symptoms of UTI include urination and pain, increased frequency of urination and rare appearance of blood in the urine (Nicolle, 2012). Management of UTI is done with the help of antibiotics as they are the first line treatment for the disease. The type of drug and the duration of treatment depend on the severity of the disease and the bacterial strain found in the urine. Chlamydia infection is a type of UTI that is sexually transmitted and the responsible bacteria is Chlamydia trachomatis. The severity of the disease may be extended in women to cause ectopic pregnancy and future infertility (Grigoryan, Trautner Gupta, 2014). Therefore, the management of the disease is essential for its prevention and control to prevent further damage. Th is assignment will be the management of Chlamydia infection for a 14-year-old Samoan New Zealand girl who presented to the afterhours clinic. In association with the presentation of the patient in the clinic, a question will be developed following the PICOT framework. The framework consists of the parameters of problem, intervention, comparison, outcome and time (Elias et al., 2015). Considering these parameters, a question will be framed which will be answered for the management of the disease. The clinical question for this assignment has been provided below. Clinical Question In young females suffering from Chlamydia infection, what is the applied management intervention? Compare the various outcomes from the studies in the provided treatment duration. Literature Search Using the structured clinical question, a literature search was carried out using two relevant databases. The used databases for this assignment are Pubmed and Embase as these are the prime search engines for the topics of biomedical and life sciences. These are the search engines that are free to access for searching the references and abstracts. Pubmed is used primarily used to access the database of Medline and it is selected for the reason that it is an intuitive and fast search interface that helps in the automatic mapping of the terms by automatic inclusion of the medical subject headings and synonyms in the search criteria. The rationale for the selection of Embase is that it is used for faster access to the articles that are recently published. This makes the retrieval of the articles more comprehensive and is readily extracted. It is a database containing published literature on the biomedical and pharmacological topics. Therefore, these two databases were used as sources of information. Five relevant articles were selected in accordance with the clinical question following the PICOT framework. The search terms used for the literature search were Chlamydia infection in young females, management of Chlamydia infection, comparison of the outcome efficacy of Chlamydia infection and time required for progression of Chlamydia infection. These search terms were in accordance with the PICOT framework for answering the clinical question. The search terms were used in conjugation with the Boolean operators like AND and OR with the application of parenthesis for their classification. From the database search, thousands of results were obtained and they were segregated using the inclusion criteria. The inclusion period for the literature was for the last six years that ranged from 2010 to 2016. The articles were selected based on their headings, definitions and abstracts. Filters were applied to the databases for the period of search and were sorted based on thei r relevance. The selected articles were the ones which were most recent from their date of publication compared with the other articles based on similar topics. Literature Review Table 1: Summary of the searched articles Sl. No. Author and Year of Publication Database and Name of the Article Major Theme Key Learning 1. Paavonen (2012) Database: Pubmed Chlamydia trachomatis infections of the female genital tract: state of the art This article dealt with the problem section and aimed at studying the prevalence of the Chlamydia infection in young females globally followed by its prevention The study found out the screening programs for the Chlamydia infections have been over estimated and may lead to cervical carcinogenesis. The study recommended secondary prevention by screening to limit the spread of the diseases and further increase the complications 2. Geisler (2015) Database: Pubmed Diagnosis and management of uncomplicated Chlamydia trachomatis infections in adolescents and adults: summary of evidence reviewed for the 2015 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines This article dealt with the intervention section and aimed at summarizing the recommendations, evidence and key questions for the management and diagnosis of the uncomplicated cases of Chlamydia infections in adults and adolescents according to the CDC STD guidelines of treatment of 2015 The researchers carried out an extensive literature search from the databases of Pubmed and Medline to find out the effective intervention methods for the disease with antibiotics like azithromycin and doxycycline. Both these medications were found to be effective for the treatment of the infection in young adolescent females 3. Kong et al. (2014) Database: Embase Azithromycin versus doxycycline for the treatment of genital chlamydia infectiona meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials This article dealt with the comparison section and aimed at conducting a meta-analysis for comparing the efficacy of 100mg doxycycline vs. 1g azithromycin for the treatment of genital Chlamydia infection in women for a period of seven days The study found that there was a small increase in the efficacy of about 3% for doxycycline when compared to azithromycin in the treatment of Chlamydia infection. Since there has been a significant treatment failure with azithromycin, doxycycline can be effective for the treatment of the infection 4. Morgan, Donnell Bell (2010) Database: Embase Is everyone treated equally? Management of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in New Zealand This article dealt with the outcome section and aimed at establishing the cases of genital infections of Chlamydia managed by the equitable factors of ethnicity, gender and age in a locality of New Zealand with higher rates of prevalence of the infection The study found the differences in the management of cases by ethnicity and gender suggesting barriers for timely and appropriate persist of healthcare. It was found in the study that the local settings of healthcare had worked efficiently in the recent times to collect the self-identified ethnicity in their systems of patient management. There was a significant lack of the effective partner notification for the various demographic variables 5. Herzog et al. (2012) Database: Embase Timing of progression from Chlamydia trachomatis infection to pelvic inflammatory disease: a mathematical modeling study This article dealt with the time section and aimed at investigates the three hypothetical processes for the progression time for the beginning, end and throughout the duration of spread of Chlamydia infection From the study findings, it can be said that complication of the Chlamydia infection can take place throughout its course that can result in pelvic inflammatory disease and screening has to be done for preventing the complications of the infection Chlamydia Management The searched articles and their key findings were analyzed to draw the relevance with the presentation of the patient for effective clinical decision making. The patient was a 14-year-old Samoan girl from New Zealand who presented with the symptoms of Chlamydia infection like stinging and burning pain on urination, increased frequency of urine, lower back pain and lower abdominal pain. Her diagnostic tests were found to be positive for Chlamydia infection that occurred from her sexual partner. According to the study by Paavonen (2012), Chlamydia infection is the results of bacterial infections that are transmitted sexually and is highly prevent globally among the adolescent females. It is evident that about 1 in 20 young women of the age 14 to 24 who are sexually active are known to suffer from the infection. In women, spreading of the infection occurs from the cervix to the upper reproductive tract resulting in various complications like pelvic inflammatory disease (Cai et al., 2012 ). Since the patient has been sexually active for 1 year with multiple partners and without any contraceptive, therefore, it is quite evident that she has developed the infection from her partner. The key to the management of Chlamydia infection includes the arrival at the appropriate diagnosis and the assuring that the patient should comply with the treatment. Adolescent females are found to be at a higher risk for treatment non-compliance as they attempt to hide the information from their parents (Foxman, 2014). It has been evident that the patient is afraid to inform her mother about the diagnosis as her family environment is not supportive and she has been a part of domestic abuse. According to the study by Geisler (2015), it was found that doxycycline could be the drug of choice along with azithromycin for the treatment of Chlamydia infection. Antibiotics like sitafloxacin and quinolone were also found to be effective but studies were not carried out effectively for their implications. In office single dose treatments are being increasingly in use for improving confidentiality and compliance. Treatment of the partner is also crucial for prevention of the re-infection (Flo res-Mireles et al., 2015). Antibiotic therapy has to be initiated at the earliest and the potential adverse effects, cost and compliance have to be considered and test for possible infection of gonorrhea has to be conducted. The specimens from the infection sites have to be sent to the laboratory for culture and pregnancy tests has to be carried out as they can alter the follow up care of the patient and the antibiotic treatment (Hooton, 2012). It should be advised to the patient to abstain from any sexual intercourse until the testing and treatment is complete. Since the patient is likely to know the partner from whom she has developed the infection, therefore, she has to be advised to avoid sexual intercourse with that partner and get him treated to avoid further complications. According to the study by Kong et al. (2014), doxycycline was found to be more effective than azithromycin in the treatment of Chlamydia infection due to its high compliance. The efficacy of Azithromycin was found to be 97% when compared to the 100% efficacy of doxycycline. However, non-adherence to the treatment of doxycycline is common in comparison to azithromycin due to the frequency of dosing of multiple and single dose. Morgan, Donnell Bell (2010) opined that Chlamydia surveillance could be improved by the introduction of comprehensive collection of national data with laboratory reporting of the test results in New Zealand. The local settings of healthcare have worked efficiently in the recent times to collect the data and opportunistic Chlamydia testing has to be discussed with all the people who are under 25 years of age and are sexually active. Herzog et al. (2012) stated that about 10% of the women suffering from Chlamydia infection develop pelvic inflammatory disease if l eft untreated. Therefore, for the patient, either azithromycin in 1g single dose or doxycycline in 100mg twice daily for seven days can be prescribed for the management of Chlamydia infection. She should be advised with the necessary precautions for the prevention and reoccurrence of the disease. References Cai, T., Mazzoli, S., Mondaini, N., Meacci, F., Nesi, G., D'Elia, C., ... Bartoletti, R. (2012). The role of asymptomatic bacteriuria in young women with recurrent urinary tract infections: to treat or not to treat?.Clinical infectious diseases,55(6), 771-777. Elias, B. L., Polancich, S., Jones, C., Convoy, S. (2015). Evolving the PICOT Method for the Digital Age: The PICOT-D.Journal of Nursing Education,54(10), 594-599. Flores-Mireles, A. L., Walker, J. N., Caparon, M., Hultgren, S. J. (2015). Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options.Nature Reviews Microbiology,13(5), 269-284. Foxman, B. (2014). Urinary tract infection syndromes: occurrence, recurrence, bacteriology, risk factors, and disease burden.Infectious disease clinics of North America,28(1), 1-13. Geisler, W. M. (2015). Diagnosis and management of uncomplicated Chlamydia trachomatis infections in adolescents and adults: summary of evidence reviewed for the 2015 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines.Clinical Infectious Diseases,61(suppl 8), S774-S784. Grigoryan, L., Trautner, B. W., Gupta, K. (2014). Diagnosis and management of urinary tract infections in the outpatient setting: a review.JAMA,312(16), 1677-1684. Herzog, S. A., Althaus, C. L., Heijne, J. C., Oakeshott, P., Kerry, S., Hay, P., Low, N. (2012). Timing of progression from Chlamydia trachomatis infection to pelvic inflammatory disease: a mathematical modelling study.BMC infectious diseases,12(1), 187. Hooton, T. M. (2012). Uncomplicated urinary tract infection.New England Journal of Medicine,366(11), 1028-1037. Kong, F. Y. S., Tabrizi, S. N., Law, M., Vodstrcil, L. A., Chen, M., Fairley, C. K., ... Hocking, J. S. (2014). Azithromycin versus doxycycline for the treatment of genital chlamydia infectiona meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Clinical Infectious Diseases, ciu220. Morgan, J., Donnell, A., Bell, A. (2010). Is everyone treated equally? Management of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in New Zealand.International journal of STD AIDS,21(8), 595-600. Nicolle, L. E. (2012). Urinary tract infections.Encyclopedia of Intensive Care Medicine, 2359-2364. Paavonen, J. (2012). Chlamydia trachomatis infections of the female genital tract: state of the art.Annals of medicine,44(1), 18-28.